The [conditional restrictions][1] scheme doesn't define how to combine several conditions. It defines an *AND* operator but we need an *OR* operator here. Therefore the only solution is to define multiple separate conditions as done in your second suggestion:
maxweight=*
maxweight:conditional=none @ destination; none @ agricultural
Note that `none @ agricultural` specifies the purpose of the highway use. It doesn't give a general permission for all agricultural vehicles. If you want to allow all agricultural vehicles (independent of their purpose) then you have to use `maxweight:agricultural:conditional=none` <s>`maxweight:agricultural:conditional=none`</s> `maxweight:agricultural=no` instead.
[1]: https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Conditional_restrictions