[Node 3815147164][1] is not part of any relation itself. It is part of [way 136322077][2] which in turn is part of a relation. You already seem to have figured this out by yourself but your question is still a little bit misleading.
You don't need Overpass API for returning the ways a node is part of, see [http://www.openstreetmap.org/api/0.6/node/3815147164/ways][3]. And you don't need Overpass API for returning the relation a node or way is part of, see [http://www.openstreetmap.org/api/0.6/way/136322077/relations][4].
If this doesn't really answer your question then maybe someone can come up with an Overpass API query for returning the relation(s) containing all way(s) a node is part of.
[1]: http://www.openstreetmap.org/node/3815147164
[2]: http://www.openstreetmap.org/way/136322077
[3]: http://www.openstreetmap.org/api/0.6/node/3815147164/ways
[4]: http://www.openstreetmap.org/api/0.6/way/136322077/relations