Previous studies have shown the data generally grows in the same manner as the cities themselves i.e
- Major routes
- Minor routes
- Major Landmarks (Hospitals, Large Churches etc)
- Residential areas (roads)
- Industrial Areas (roads)
- Buildings
- POI's (Points of Interest e.g. shops, amenities, businesses etc)
- Public Transport Infrastructure (Bus stops, routes etc)
- Addresses
- Public infrastructure (Lighting, fire hydrants etc)
- Historical & natural features
I would recommend taking a look at the present area you want to map, see where it is along that list, and carry on from there.
My city "looked" well mapped until I dug deeper and found a lot still to be done.
One thing I would advise, is pick one thing and ensure full coverage of that before moving on to something else, e.g. start with roads, do you have full coverage and are they all tagged appropriately including names and ref numbers if applicable. Doing it this way will benefit you later on when it comes to mapping bus routes, addresses etc etc. One thing I always keep in mind is "how many use cases can I impact by my edits". The more complete and more accurate the data you add, the more beneficial it is to everybody.
One last piece of advice, if you are mapping something, add as much info as you can about it at the time you are mapping it. For roads, you would be looking at surface, lanes, speed limit, ref number, name, lit/unlit etc. Don't leave to "do another time" because trust me, you will forget and if you live in an area where mappers are thin on the ground, you might be the only person touching that piece of data for years so make it as accurate as possible
All the best in your mapping and continue asking questions :)