Private map and make it public later on, so it gives me times to create it

While aseerel has given a good direct answer to your question, I would suggest that you do not make a big offline/private edit to later upload in one go, especially if you are a relative newbie:

• Somebody could have modified the data between the time you downloaded it and the time you upload your changes, complicating the upload
• You'll miss out on automated and community feedback as you progress through your work. It's better to spot problems early before the bad practice has been applied to your whole work.
• There's no benefit to withold edits until they are "perfect" or "final". Maping is an iterative process, a map is by nature incomplete and uneven. Embrace that fact while you work towards making OSM the best map.

Upload a few permit zones at a time. If you are unsure about your edits, ask for somebody to review them, before they get so big that they get cumbersome to review.

You can use the editor JOSM and save your .osm file locally, re-edit it later on, and at some day integrate it into the OSM data. Keep in mind that OSM data is ever changing, so "integrate" is important!

Now the downside: if you are "very new on this site" this is not that easy. JOSM is not that easy to use directly at the start (maybe depends if you are a techy person or not).

There are not really other options. Somehow a workaround is to make a map overlay in, for example, uMap as your playground and after you have collected all your info you can enter it, manually, as new data into OSM.

Suggestion: get to know OSM, work on other stuff first and then, later, return to your zones.